2019. World Health Organization. 5th ed. Softbound.
635 pages.
Digestive System Tumours is the first volume in the 5th edition of the WHO series on the classification of human tumours. This series (also known as the WHO Blue Books) is regarded as the gold standard for the diagnosis of tumours and comprises a unique synthesis of histopathological diagnosis with digital and molecular pathology. These authoritative and concise reference books provide indispensable international standards for anyone involved in the care of patients with cancer or in cancer research, underpinning individual patient treatment as well as research into all aspects of cancer causation, prevention, therapy, and education.
1 Introduction to tumours of the digestive system 13
General introduction 14
Classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms
of the digestive system 16
TNM staging of well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours
of the gastrointestinal tract 20
2 Tumours of the oesophagus 23
WHO classification of tumours of the oesophagus 24
TNM staging of tumours of the oesophagus 25
Introduction 28
Benign epithelial tumours and precursors
Squamous papilloma 30
Barrett dysplasia 32
Squamous dysplasia 36
Malignant epithelial tumours
Adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and
oesophagogastric junction NOS 38
Adenoid cystic carcinoma 44
Adenosquamous and mucoepidermoid carcinomas 46
Squamous cell carcinoma NOS 48
Undifferentiated carcinoma 54
Neuroendocrine neoplasms 56
3 Tumours of the stomach 59
WHO classification of tumours of the stomach 60
TNM staging of carcinomas of the stomach 61
Introduction 64
Gastritis and metaplasia: precursors of gastric neoplasms 65
Benign epithelial tumours and precursors
Fundic gland polyps 67
Hyperplastic polyps 69
Dysplasia 71
Intestinal-type adenoma 76
Foveolar-type adenoma 79
Pyloric gland adenoma 81
Oxyntic gland adenoma 83
Malignant epithelial tumours
Adenocarcinoma 85
Squamous cell carcinoma 96
Adenosquamous carcinoma 98
Undifferentiated carcinoma 100
Gastroblastoma 102
Neuroendocrine neoplasms 104
4 Tumours of the small intestine and ampulla 111
WHO classification of tumours of the small intestine
and ampulla 112
TNM staging of carcinomas of the small intestine 113
TNM staging of carcinomas of the ampulla of Vater 114
Introduction 116
Benign epithelial tumours and precursors
Non-ampullary adenoma 118
Ampullary adenoma 121
Malignant epithelial tumours
Non-ampullary adenocarcinoma 124
Ampullary adenocarcinoma 127
Neuroendocrine neoplasms 131
5 Tumours of the appendix 135
WHO classification of tumours of the appendix 136
TNM staging of adenocarcinomas of the appendix 137
Introduction 140
Epithelial tumours
Serrated lesions and polyps 141
Mucinous neoplasm 144
Adenocarcinoma 147
Goblet cell adenocarcinoma 149
Neuroendocrine neoplasms 152
6 Tumours of the colon and rectum 157
WHO classification of tumours of the colon and rectum 158
TNM staging of carcinomas of the colon and rectum 159
